Post-Hurricane Sandy Benthic Habitat Mapping at Fire Island National Seashore, New York, USA, Utilizing the Coastal and Marine Ecological Classification Standard (CMECS)

Abstract In 2012, Hurricane Sandy created a new tidal inlet at Fire Island National Seashore (FIIS) in New York, USA, consequently altering environmental conditions within Great South Bay. This event presented unique opportunity to establish ecological baselines, assess resulting change, and explore management implications. study focuses on benthic mapping the bayside of FIIS using acoustic, grab sample, imagery data. Biotope (habitat) maps were developed describing relationships between macrofaunal communities their environment. Additionally, biotopes prioritized by “ecological value” based user-defined criteria (presence seagrass potential for higher trophic level interactions) guide management. While there are limited pre-Sandy data comparison, findings from this suggest has been positive influence nearby area. Dense concentrations mature blue mussels ( Mytilus edulis ) documented near considered ecologically beneficial represent post-Sandy distinction ecosystem structure; M. was last common when previously open (early 1800s). The is also likely responsible expansion but decline other areas. advances utility Coastal Marine Ecological Classification Standard (CMECS) including CMECS-defined analyses expanding definition “dominance.” CMECS played key role developing map units, interpreting biotopes, establishing statistically significant meaningful biotic–abiotic relationships. highlights value applications specific more broadly advocates similar studies elsewhere.